Signal Processing
In this post, the objective is to figure out the minimum separation between two sinusoidals having frequencies ,
of duration
each to be orthogonal. Let the phase difference between the sinusoidals is
where
can take any value from
to
(Refer Example 4.3 [DIG-COMM-SKLAR]
For the two sinuosidals to be orthogonal,
Continue reading “Minimum frequency spacing for having orthogonal sinusoidals”
In a previous post (here), we looked at using CORDIC (Co-ordinate Rotation by DIgital Computer) for understanding how a complex number can be rotated by an angle
without using actual multipliers. Let us know try to understand how we can use CORDIC for finding the phase and magnitude of a complex number.
Basics
The CORDIC algorithm is built on successively multiplying the complex number , by
. As can be noticed, as the elements of
can be represented in powers of 2, the multiplication can be achieved by using the appropriate ‘bit shift’. For further details, please refer to the previous post (CORDIC for phase rotation).
Continue reading “Using CORDIC for phase and magnitude computation”
Given that we have went over the symbol error probability for 4-PAM and symbol error rate for 4-QAM , let us extend the understanding to find the symbol error probability for 16-QAM (16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation). Consider a typical 16-QAM modulation scheme where the alphabets (Refer example 5-37 in [DIG-COMM-BARRY-LEE-MESSERSCHMITT]
are used.
Thanks to the nice article from Xilinx TechXclusives [XLNX-TECH], let us try to understand the probable digital implementation of resistor-capacitor based low pass filter. Consider a simple RC filter shown in the figure below. Assuming that there is no load across the capacitor, the capacitor charges and discharges through the resistor path.
Figure: RC low pass filter
Continue reading “Digital implementation of RC low pass filter”
